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Immortality in religion refers usually to either the belief in physical immortality or a more spiritual afterlife. In traditions such as ancient Egyptian beliefs, Mesopotamian beliefs and ancient Greek beliefs, the immortal gods consequently were considered to have physical bodies.
In Plato's dialogues, we find the soul playing many disparate roles. Among other things, Plato believes that the soul is what gives life to the body (which was articulated most of all in the Laws and Phaedrus) in terms of self-motion: to be alive is to be capable of moving yourself; the soul is a self-mover. He also thinks that the soul is the ...
Examples include numerous vampire stories where the vampires' immortality is sustained by drinking human blood, the 2011 film In Time where lifetime is transferred from the multitude of poor to the wealthy elite such that the immortality of the few depends on the deaths of the many, and Norman Spinrad's 1969 novel Bug Jack Barron where the ...
Eternal youth is the concept of human physical immortality free of ageing. The youth referred to is usually meant to be in contrast to the depredations of aging, rather than a specific age of the human lifespan. Eternal youth is common in mythology, and is a popular theme in fiction.
In philosophy, metempsychosis (Ancient Greek: μετεμψύχωσις) is the transmigration of the soul, especially its reincarnation after death. The term is derived from ancient Greek philosophy, and has been recontextualized by modern philosophers such as Arthur Schopenhauer, [1] Kurt Gödel, [2] Mircea Eliade, [3] and Magdalena Villaba; [4] otherwise, the word "transmigration" is more ...
The Cathars, for example, viewed reincarnation as a trap made by Satan, who tricked angels from the heavenly realm into entering the physical bodies of humans. They viewed the purpose of life as a way to escape the constant cycle of spiritual incarnations by letting go of worldly attachments. [107]
Lower animals have, in addition, the powers of sense-perception and self-motion (action). Humans have all these as well as intellect . Aristotle holds that the soul ( psyche , ψυχή ) is the form , or essence of any living thing; it is not a distinct substance from the body that it is in.
To him self is also synonymous with 'Soul' which is a matter of common occurrence in Sufi literature. [19] Human self or ego is the dominance of a particular self, subordinating and unifying all the other selves which constitute the mental life of man. [6] Iqbal in his Lectures says: "The ego reveals itself as a unity of what we call mental states.