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Rituximab, sold under the brand name Rituxan among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and types of cancer. [18] It is used for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in children and adults, but not recommended in elderly patients), rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ...
The comparator arm received 6 cycles of B+R (bendamustine 70 mg/m2 on days 1 and 2 of each 28-day cycle and rituximab at the above described dose and schedule). [17] The application for venetoclax in combination with rituximab was granted priority review along with a breakthrough therapy designation. [17]
The antibody's mode of action is primarily through the induction of ADCC and complement-mediated cytotoxicity. Other mechanisms include apoptosis [ clarification needed ] and cellular growth arrest. Rituximab also increases the sensitivity of cancerous B-cells to chemotherapy.
In 1997, rituximab became the first monoclonal antibody drug for cancer on the market, [7] revolutionizing treatment for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. [9] Further research by Maloney has continued to develop antibody-based therapeutic strategies for blood cancers. [10] [11]
This regimen can also be combined with the monoclonal antibody rituximab if the lymphoma is of B cell origin; this combination is called R-CHOP. In 2002, a randomized controlled trial showed a higher complete response rate for R-CHOP vs CHOP in elderly patients with Diffuse Large-B-Cell Lymphoma (76% vs 63%). [ 4 ]
However, research shows that certain chemotherapy drugs can, under specific conditions, boost the immune response against tumors and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy. [ 6 ] Chemotherapy can boost tumor immunity in two main ways: (a) by killing cancer cells through immunogenic cell death , and (b) by affecting both cancerous and normal ...
Adult Atypical Sporadic Burkitt Lymphoma successfully treated with Bendamustine and Rituximab. One combination for stage III/IV relapsed or refractory indolent lymphomas and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), with or without prior rituximab-containing chemoimmunotherapy treatment, is bendamustine with mitoxantrone and rituximab. [7]
Several monoclonal antibody drugs such as Rituximab manipulate the ADCC pathway to eradicate cancer cells. Firstly, the Fab region of the antibodies (tip of the Y-shaped-antibody) first binds to the epitope of the pathogens or the immunoreceptors of cancer cells; whereas the Fc region (stem of the antibody) binds to natural killer cells to ...