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British and German wounded, Bernafay Wood, 19 July 1916. Photo by Ernest Brooks.. The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I was about 40 million: estimates range from around 15 to 22 million deaths [1] and about 23 million wounded military personnel, ranking it among the deadliest conflicts in human history.
Before World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. [1] In August 1914, the magazine The Independent wrote "This is the Great War. It names itself". [2] In October 1914, the Canadian magazine Maclean's similarly wrote, "Some wars name themselves. This is the Great War."
During World War I, 4,734,991 served in the American military. [2] There were a total of 116,516 deaths, with 53,402 of those occurring in battle. [ 2 ] Another 63,114 died of noncombat reasons, including about 45,000 due to the 1918 outbreak of Spanish flu ; 30,000 soldiers died before they even reached France.
USA: National World War I Museum. "World War One Timeline". UK: BBC. "New Zealand and the First World War (timeline)". New Zealand Government. "Timeline: Australia in the First World War, 1914-1918". Australian War Memorial. "World War I: Declarations of War from around the Globe". Law Library of Congress.
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics (PDF). Congressional Research Service. - Total pages: 38; Dickmann, Nancy (2017). The Horror of World War I. Raintree. ISBN 9781474749381. - Total pages: 48 ; Ellis, John; Cox, Michael (2001). The World War I Databook: The Essential Facts and Figures for All the Combatants ...
American Civil War: 0.6–1 million [80] [81] 1861–1865 United States vs. Confederate States: North America Mozambican Civil War: 0.5–1 million [82] 1977–1992 People's Republic of Mozambique, later Republic of Mozambique, and allies vs. RENAMO and allies Mozambique First Sudanese Civil War: 0.5–1 million [83] [84] 1955–1972
However, American tactical doctrine was still based on pre-1914 principles, a world away from the combined arms approach used by the French and British by 1918. [16] US commanders were initially slow to accept such ideas, leading to heavy casualties and it was not until the last month of the war that these failings were rectified. [17]
The Russian casualties in the First World War are difficult to estimate, due to the poor quality of available statistics. Cornish gives a total of 2,006,000 military dead (700,000 killed in action, 970,000 died of wounds, 155,000 died of disease and 181,000 died while POWs).