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British and German wounded, Bernafay Wood, 19 July 1916. Photo by Ernest Brooks.. The total number of military and civilian casualties in World War I was about 40 million: estimates range from around 15 to 22 million deaths [1] and about 23 million wounded military personnel, ranking it among the deadliest conflicts in human history.
Before World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. [1] In August 1914, the magazine The Independent wrote "This is the Great War. It names itself". [2] In October 1914, the Canadian magazine Maclean's similarly wrote, "Some wars name themselves. This is the Great War."
American Civil War: 0.6–1 million [87] [88] 1861–1865 United States vs. Confederate States: North America Mozambican Civil War: 0.5–1 million [89] [90] 1977–1992 People's Republic of Mozambique, later Republic of Mozambique, and allies vs. RENAMO and allies Mozambique First Sudanese Civil War: 0.5–1 million [91] [92] 1955–1972
USA: National World War I Museum. "World War One Timeline". UK: BBC. "New Zealand and the First World War (timeline)". New Zealand Government. "Timeline: Australia in the First World War, 1914-1918". Australian War Memorial. "World War I: Declarations of War from around the Globe". Law Library of Congress.
American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics (PDF). Congressional Research Service. - Total pages: 38; Dickmann, Nancy (2017). The Horror of World War I. Raintree. ISBN 9781474749381. - Total pages: 48 ; Ellis, John; Cox, Michael (2001). The World War I Databook: The Essential Facts and Figures for All the Combatants ...
Prior and Wilson used Churchill's research and wrote that the British suffered 420,000 casualties from 1 July to mid-November (c. 3,600 per day) in inflicting c. 280,000 German casualties and offer no figures for French casualties or the losses they inflicted on the Germans. [63]
There were nearly 500,000 casualties during the campaign, with the British History of the Great War listing losses including sick as 205,000 British, 47,000 French and 251,000 Ottoman troops (with some Turkish (sic) sources referring to 350,000 casualties.) [237] Ottoman casualties have been disputed and in 2001, Tim Travers gave casualty ...
However, American tactical doctrine was still based on pre-1914 principles, a world away from the combined arms approach used by the French and British by 1918. [16] US commanders were initially slow to accept such ideas, leading to heavy casualties and it was not until the last month of the war that these failings were rectified. [17]