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The M1841 mountain howitzer was a mountain gun used by the United States Army during the mid-nineteenth century, from 1837 to about 1870. It saw service during the Mexican–American War of 1847–1848, the American Indian Wars, and during the American Civil War, 1861–1865 (primarily in the more rugged western theaters).
Mountain artillery, which includes pack howitzers, mountain howitzers and mountain guns, is designed to accompany mountain infantry forces. Usually lightweight and designed to be broken down to be portable by pack animals or even soldiers, they often are in limited calibres with low muzzle energy.
The 3.7-inch howitzer superseded the 2.75-inch mountain gun following the First World War. It was used by mountain artillery regiments of the Royal Artillery and the Indian Artillery, and saw much service on the North West Frontier of India between the wars.
The 76 mm Mountain Gun Model 1909 was a breech-loaded howitzer made of steel with an interrupted screw breech and used fixed quick-fire ammunition. It had a box trail carriage, gun shield, two wooden-spoked steel-rimmed wheels, and a hydro-pneumatic recoil mechanism.
122 mm howitzer M1910/30 Soviet Union: World War II 122: 122 mm howitzer M1909/37 Soviet Union: World War II 122: 122 mm howitzer M1938 (M-30) Soviet Union: World War II 122: 122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30) Soviet Union: 122: D-74 122 mm field gun Soviet Union: Cold War 122: Type 54 howitzer People's Republic of China: Cold War 122: Type 83 howitzer
The Confederate-made iron 12-pounder howitzer was several inches longer than the U.S. version and weighed 850 lb (385.6 kg). [9] Note that the M1841 mountain howitzer was of the same 12-pounder caliber. The mountain howitzer was a much smaller weapon that made it highly mobile in rough terrain.
A howitzer is a short cannon, placed at a steep angle of descent, used to fire at relatively high trajectories. The cannons can fire up to four rounds per minute, according to the U.S. Army.
A pack howitzer is a relatively light howitzer that is designed to be easily broken down into several pieces, each of which is small enough to be carried by mule or pack-horse. A mountain howitzer is a relatively light howitzer designed for use in mountainous terrain. Most, but not all, mountain howitzers are also pack howitzers.