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Thyroxine, also known as T 4, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is the primary form of thyroid hormone found in the blood and acts as a prohormone of the more active thyroid hormone, triiodothyronine (T 3 ). [ 1 ]
Thyroxine is believed to be a prohormone and a reservoir for the most active and main thyroid hormone T 3. [52] T 4 is converted as required in the tissues by iodothyronine deiodinase . [ 53 ] Deficiency of deiodinase can mimic hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency. [ 54 ]
Levothyroxine, also known as L-thyroxine, is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T 4). [5] [8] It is used to treat thyroid hormone deficiency (hypothyroidism), including a severe form known as myxedema coma. [5] It may also be used to treat and prevent certain types of thyroid tumors. [5] It is not indicated for weight loss. [5]
Thyroxine is critical to metabolic regulation, and growth throughout the vertebrate clade. Iodine and T 4 trigger the change from a plant-eating water-dwelling tadpole into a meat-eating land-dwelling frog , with better neurological, visuospatial, smell and cognitive abilities for hunting, as seen in other predatory animals.
Thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) is a globulin protein encoded by the SERPINA7 gene in humans. TBG binds thyroid hormones in circulation . It is one of three transport proteins (along with transthyretin and serum albumin ) responsible for carrying the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T 4 ) and triiodothyronine (T 3 ) in the bloodstream.
Thyroid function tests (TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. [1] TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought to suffer from hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), or to monitor the effectiveness of either thyroid-suppression or hormone replacement therapy.
By the 1960s, it was known that thyroxine was the essential hormone produced by the thyroid gland, and that most T3 was manufactured in other parts of the body by deiodination of thyroxine. It was demonstrated in hypothyroid animals and people that replacement of thyroxine alone corrected the measurable manifestations (laboratory test results ...
The reduced level of transthyretin in the CSF may indicate a lower thyroxine transport in brains of patients with schizophrenia. Transthyretin is known to contain a Gla domain , and thus be dependent for production on post-translational modification requiring vitamin K , but the potential link between vitamin k status and thyroid function has ...