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The mandible consists of both endochondral bones, which ossified from the Meckelian cartilage, and dermal bones. [5] In dinosaurs, only the dentary bears teeth. [25]: 40 mandibular fenestra The external mandibular fenestra is an opening in the lower jaw between the dentary, surangular, and angular bones. It is characteristic for archosauriforms ...
Diagram of the holotype. In the early twenty-first century a collector donated a dinosaur skull bone to the Italian Museo Paleontologico di Montevarchi. He had acquired the specimen from a Moroccan fossil dealer, who again had bought the piece from local fossil hunters near Taouz. Its exact provenance is therefore uncertain.
This is a list of stratigraphic units from which dinosaur body fossils have been recovered. Although Dinosauria is a clade which includes modern birds, this article covers only Mesozoic stratigraphic units. Units listed are all either formation rank or higher (e.g. group).
Iberospinus (meaning "Iberian spine") is an extinct genus of spinosaurid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Papo Seco Formation of Portugal.The genus contains a single species, I. natarioi, known from several assorted bones belonging to one individual.
A skull diagram of Dromaeosaurus, a dromaeosaurid dinosaur. The postorbital is colored dark blue. The postorbital is colored dark blue. The postorbital is one of the bones in vertebrate skulls which forms a portion of the dermal skull roof and, sometimes, a ring about the orbit.
Labelled diagram of some of the vertebrae that form a "sail" All the vertebrae were highly pneumatised by invading air sacs, except for the atlas bone and the hindmost tail vertebrae, and were thereby connected to the respiratory system. The back vertebrae were as pneumatised as those of sauropod dinosaurs, and had an extensive system of ...
However, recent analysis of the tiny holes in fossil leg bones of dinosaurs provides a gauge for blood flow rate and hence metabolic rate. [75] The holes are called nutrient foramina, and the nutrient artery is the major blood vessel passing through to the interior of the bone, where it branches into tiny vessels of the Haversian canal system ...
A row of small osteoderms (skin bones) was present down the middle of the neck, back, and tail. Additional osteoderms were present at unknown positions on the animal's body. Ceratosaurus gives its name to Ceratosauria, a clade of theropod dinosaurs that diverged early on from the evolutionary lineage leading to modern birds.