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Nitrogen dioxide poisoning is the illness resulting from the toxic effect of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2). It usually occurs after the inhalation of the gas beyond the threshold limit value. [1] Nitrogen dioxide is reddish-brown with a very harsh smell at high concentrations, at lower concentrations it is colorless but may still have a harsh odour.
The lone electron in NO 2 also means that this compound is a free radical, so the formula for nitrogen dioxide is often written as • NO 2. The reddish-brown color is a consequence of preferential absorption of light in the blue region of the spectrum (400–500 nm), although the absorption extends throughout the visible (at shorter ...
NO 2 also reacts with ozone to form nitrate radical NO 2 + O 3 → NO 3 + O 2. During the daytime, NO 3 is quickly photolyzed back to NO 2, but at night it can react with a second NO 2 to form dinitrogen pentoxide. NO 2 + NO 3 (+M) → N 2 O 5 (+M). N 2 O 5 reacts rapidly with liquid water (in aerosol particles or cloud drops, but not in the ...
Health effects of air pollution on children include asthma, pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infections and low birth weight. [182] A study in Europe found that exposure to ultrafine particles can increase blood pressure in children. [ 183 ]
[243] [244] There are anecdotal reports of negative health effects on people who live very close to wind turbines. [245] Peer-reviewed research has generally not supported these claims. [246] [247] [248] Pile-driving to construct non-floating wind farms is noisy underwater, [249] but in operation offshore wind is much quieter than ships. [250]
The health and environmental impact of transport is significant because transport burns most of the world's petroleum. This causes illness and deaths from air pollution , including nitrous oxides and particulates , and is a significant cause of climate change through emission of carbon dioxide .
The impact on wildlife stems primarily from disturbing, removing and redistributing the land surface. Some impacts are short-term and confined to the mine site however others have far-reaching, long-term effects. The most direct effect on wildlife is destruction or displacement of species in areas of excavation and spoil piling.
Nutrient pollution, a form of water pollution, refers to contamination by excessive inputs of nutrients.It is a primary cause of eutrophication of surface waters (lakes, rivers and coastal waters), in which excess nutrients, usually nitrogen or phosphorus, stimulate algal growth. [1]