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A microscope image of an integrated circuit die used to control LCDs.The pinouts are the dark circles surrounding the integrated circuit.. An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip or simply chip, is a set of electronic circuits, consisting of various electronic components (such as transistors, resistors, and capacitors) and their interconnections. [1]
The shallow trench isolation fabrication process of modern integrated circuits in cross-sections. Shallow trench isolation ( STI ), also known as box isolation technique , is an integrated circuit feature which prevents electric current leakage between adjacent semiconductor device components.
Inter-Integrated Circuit Sound (I²S, pronounced "eye-squared-ess" [citation needed]) is a serial interface protocol for transmitting two-channel, digital audio as pulse-code modulation (PCM) between integrated circuit (IC) components of an electronic device. An I²S bus separates clock and serial data signals, resulting in simpler receivers ...
Engineer using an early IC-designing workstation to analyze a section of a circuit design cut on rubylith, circa 1979. Integrated circuit design, semiconductor design, chip design or IC design, is a sub-field of electronics engineering, encompassing the particular logic and circuit design techniques required to design integrated circuits, or ICs
The first integrated circuit logic gates cost nearly US$50, which in 2023 would be equivalent to $515. Mass-produced gates on integrated circuits became the least-expensive method to construct digital logic. With the rise of integrated circuits, reducing the absolute number of chips used represented another way to save costs. The goal of a ...
Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process of creating an integrated circuit (IC) by combining millions or billions of MOS transistors onto a single chip. VLSI began in the 1970s when MOS integrated circuit (metal oxide semiconductor) chips were developed and then widely adopted, enabling complex semiconductor and telecommunications technologies.
A three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) is a MOS (metal-oxide semiconductor) integrated circuit (IC) manufactured by stacking as many as 16 or more ICs and interconnecting them vertically using, for instance, through-silicon vias (TSVs) or Cu-Cu connections, [1] [2] so that they behave as a single device to achieve performance ...
Integrated injection logic (IIL, I 2 L, or I2L) is a class of digital circuits built with multiple collector bipolar junction transistors (BJT). [1] When introduced it had speed comparable to TTL yet was almost as low power as CMOS , making it ideal for use in VLSI (and larger) integrated circuits .