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Reactive airway disease (RAD) is an informal label that physicians apply to patients with symptoms similar to those of asthma. [1] An exact definition of the condition does not exist. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Individuals who are typically labeled as having RAD generally have a history of wheezing, coughing, dyspnea , and production of sputum that may or may ...
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma but also occurs frequently in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [2] In the Lung Health Study, bronchial hyperresponsiveness was present in approximately two-thirds of patients with non-severe COPD, and this predicted lung function decline independently of other ...
If a clinician is concerned that reactive airway disease or asthma may be a component of the illness, a bronchodilator may be administered. [9] Anticholinergic inhalers, such as ipratropium bromide, have a modest short-term effect at best and are not recommended for treatment. [20] [50] [51]
When the airways spasm or constrict in response to the irritating stimulus of the breathing tube, it is difficult to maintain the airway and the patient can become apneic. During general anesthesia, signs of bronchospasm include wheezing, high peak inspiratory pressures, increased intrinsic PEEP , decreased expiratory tidal volumes, and an ...
Obstructive lung disease is a category of respiratory disease characterized by airway obstruction. Many obstructive diseases of the lung result from narrowing (obstruction) of the smaller bronchi and larger bronchioles, often because of excessive contraction of the smooth muscle itself.
Respiratory diseases, or lung diseases, [1] are pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange difficult in air-breathing animals. They include conditions of the respiratory tract including the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleurae, pleural cavity, the nerves and muscles of respiration.
Chronic kidney disease: CLOVES syndrome Congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and skeletal/spinal abnormalities syndrome CML Chronic myelogenous leukemia: CMs Chiari malformations: CMT disease Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease: CMT1A Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A CMT1B Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease ...
The mechanism of disease is breakdown of the airways due to an excessive inflammatory response. [3] Involved airways ( bronchi ) become enlarged and thus less able to clear secretions. [ 3 ] These secretions increase the amount of bacteria in the lungs, resulting in airway blockage and further breakdown of the airways. [ 3 ]