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It is thought that it may be caused by the body's inflammatory response to surgery, stress hormone release during surgery, ischemia, or hypoxaemia. [5] [6] Post-operative cognitive dysfunction can complicate a person's recovery from surgery, delay discharge from hospital, delay returning to work following surgery, and reduce a person's quality ...
The authors concluded patients with long-standing coronary artery disease have some degree of cognitive dysfunction secondary to cerebrovascular disease before surgery; there is no evidence the cognitive test performance of bypass surgery patients differed from similar control groups with coronary artery disease over a 12-month follow-up period.
In March 2011, investigators from Australia and several other countries published the results of the DECRA [5] trial in The New England Journal of Medicine.This was a randomized trial comparing decompressive craniectomy to best medical therapy run between 2002 and 2010 to assess the optimal management of patients with medically refractory ICP following diffuse non-penetrating head injury.
Pain following brain surgery can be significant and may lengthen recovery, increase the amount of time a person stays in the hospital following surgery, and increase the risk of complications following surgery. [50] Severe acute pain following brain surgery may also increase the risk of a person developing a chronic post-craniotomy headache. [50]
Pneumocephalus has also been shown to follow neurosurgical procedures such as deep brain stimulation and hematoma evacuation (e.g., chronic subdural hematoma [6]), where while seemingly innocuous to the patient, may cause brain shift, subsequent stereotactic inaccuracy, and even another surgical intervention.
Minor post-operative pulmonary complications include events such as atelectasis, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and unanticipated need for supplemental oxygen therapy after the initial postoperative period.) [14] Of all patient-related risk factors, good evidence supports patients with advanced age, ASA class II or greater, functional dependence ...
A shunt has risk of infection and failure for which subsequent surgery is needed. Complications of ETV include hemorrhage (the most severe being due to basilar artery rupture), injury to neural structures (e.g. hypothalamus, pituitary gland or fornix of the brain), and late sudden deterioration. [3]
It also has its therapeutic value as the operation provides structure to the skull and protection to the brain from physical damage. [1] [6] The surgery restores regular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and cerebral blood flow dynamics, along with normal intracranial pressure. [1] [3] Cranioplasty may improve neurological function in some individuals.