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A sympatholytic (sympathoplegic) drug is a medication that opposes the downstream effects of postganglionic nerve firing in effector organs innervated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). [1] They are indicated for various functions; for example, they may be used as antihypertensives .
The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting (direct interaction between drug and receptor), such as α-adrenergic agonists, β-adrenergic agonists, and dopaminergic agonists; or indirect-acting (interaction not between drug and receptor), such as MAOIs, COMT inhibitors, release stimulants, and reuptake inhibitors that increase the levels of endogenous catecholamines.
Atenolol is a type of sympatholytic drug. Atenolol is a selective β1 antagonist that is clinically used to treat hypertension, angina and cardiac dysrhythmias. [14] Since atenolol is selective to β1 receptor, it only acts on β1 receptors which are located in the heart. [15]
Alpha 2 receptors are associated with sympatholytic properties. Alpha-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of alpha blockers . Alpha adrenoreceptor ligands mimic the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine signaling in the heart, smooth muscle and central nervous system, with norepinephrine being the highest affinity.
Trimetaphan camsilate or trimethaphan camsylate (), trade name Arfonad, is a sympatholytic drug used in rare circumstances to lower blood pressure.. Trimetaphan is a ganglionic blocker: it counteracts cholinergic transmission at a specific type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the autonomic ganglia and therefore blocks both the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous ...
It was the first alpha blocker which was used for treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. [22] Another Alpha Blocker Prazosin, which was the first drug selective to alpha 1 receptor, was developed in 1987 [22] for the therapy of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Other alpha blockers are then introduced for several diseases. [22]
What is a GLP-1 medication? GLP-1 medications are drugs that mimic the effects of the GLP-1 hormone, helping regulate blood sugar and reduce appetite. They are primarily used for managing type 2 ...
Atropine is a tropane alkaloid and anticholinergic medication used to treat certain types of nerve agent and pesticide poisonings as well as some types of slow heart rate, and to decrease saliva production during surgery. [6] It is typically given intravenously or by injection into a muscle. [6]