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The tanpura (Sanskrit: तंबूरा, romanized: Taṃbūrā; also referred to as tambura, tanpuri, tamboura, or tanpoura) is a long-necked, plucked, four-stringed instrument originating in the Indian subcontinent, found in various forms in Indian music. [1]
An electronic tanpura is an electronic instrument that replicates the sound of an Indian string instrument known as the tanpura (tambura), used to provide a constant drone to accompany another's vocal or instrumental melody.
Side view of a Tanjore-style rosewood tanpura bridge with cotton threads adjusted for full resonance. In Indian classical music , javārī [ a ] refers to the overtone -rich "buzzing" sound characteristic of classical Indian string instruments such as the tanpura , sitar , surbahar , rudra veena and Sarasvati veena .
The Indian Tanpura (tanpura, tamboura or taanpura or tanipurani) is found in different forms and in many places even as electronic tanpura. The Shirvan tanbur has a pear-shaped form and belongs to the same family of instruments as the saz. The total length of the tanbur is 940 mm.
The sitar (English: / ˈ s ɪ t ɑːr / or / s ɪ ˈ t ɑːr /; IAST: sitāra) is a plucked stringed instrument, originating from the Indian subcontinent, used in Hindustani classical music.
The swarmandal (Hindi: स्वरमण्डल [s̪ʋərməɳɖəl̪]), surmandal, or Indian harp is a plucked box zither, originating from India, similar to the qanun that is today most commonly used as an accompanying instrument for vocal Indian classical music. [1]
Tamboori, an Indian melodic instrument similar to a Tanpura; Tanpura, a stringed drone instrument played in India; Kurdish tanbur, used in Yarsan rituals; Turkish tambur, an instrument played in Turkey; Yaylı tambur, an instrument played in Turkey; Tanbūra (lyre), an instrument played in East Africa and the Middle East
The overtones are also highly important in the tanpura, the drone instrument in traditional North and South Indian music, in which loose strings tuned at octaves and fifths are plucked and designed to buzz to create sympathetic resonance and highlight the cascading sound of the overtones.