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  2. Drusen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drusen

    Drusen, from the German word for node or geode (singular, "Druse"), are tiny yellow or white accumulations of extracellular material that build up between Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium of the eye. The presence of a few small ("hard") drusen is normal with advancing age, and most people over 40 have some hard drusen. [1]

  3. Kapitsa–Dirac effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapitsa–Dirac_effect

    Due to matter-wave duality, the matter can be diffracted by a periodic diffraction grating as well. Such a diffraction grating can be made out of physical matter, [4] but can also be created by a standing wave of light formed by a pair of counterpropagating light beams, due light-matter interaction. Here, the standing wave of light forms the ...

  4. Optic disc drusen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optic_disc_drusen

    The optic nerve is a cable connection that transmits images from the retina to the brain.It consists of over one million retinal ganglion cell axons.The optic nerve head, or optic disc is the anterior end of the nerve that is in the eye and hence is visible with an ophthalmoscope.

  5. Choroidal nevus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choroidal_nevus

    Choroidal nevus with drusen can be considered as a sign of chronicity since drusen take years to develop and appear. [14] Drusen are composed of lipids and can actually be an indicator that a tumour is a benign nevus as opposed to a cancerous melanoma. [15] In nevi imaged by OCT, about 41% are found to have drusen. [16]

  6. Rectilinear propagation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectilinear_propagation

    Light does not deviate when travelling through a homogeneous medium, which has the same refractive index throughout; otherwise, light experiences refraction. Even though a wave front may be bent, (e.g. the waves created by a rock hitting a pond) the individual rays are moving in straight lines.

  7. Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorption_(electromagnetic...

    By recording the attenuation of light for various wavelengths, an absorption spectrum can be obtained. In physics , absorption of electromagnetic radiation is how matter (typically electrons bound in atoms ) takes up a photon 's energy —and so transforms electromagnetic energy into internal energy of the absorber (for example, thermal energy ).

  8. Photoelectric effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect

    Light simultaneously possesses the characteristics of both waves and particles, each being manifested according to the circumstances. The effect was impossible to understand in terms of the classical wave description of light, [50] [51] [52] as the energy of the emitted electrons did not depend on the intensity of the incident radiation ...

  9. Triboluminescence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triboluminescence

    When sugar crystals are crushed, tiny electrical fields are created, separating positive and negative charges that create sparks while trying to reunite. Wint-O-Green Life Savers work especially well for creating such sparks, because wintergreen oil ( methyl salicylate ) is fluorescent and converts ultraviolet light into blue light .