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In contrast, a character entity reference refers to a sequence of one or more characters by the name of an entity which has the desired characters as its replacement text. The entity must either be predefined (built into the markup language), or otherwise explicitly declared in a Document Type Definition (DTD) (see [a]). The format is the same ...
On the opposite, the code point U+0085 is a valid control character in Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646, as well as in XML 1.0 and XML 1.1 documents (in all contexts), and its usage is not discouraged (it is treated as whitespace in many XML contexts, or as a line-break control similar to U+000D and U+000A in preformatted texts in some XML applications).
Generally, an escape character is not a particular case of (device) control characters, nor vice versa.If we define control characters as non-graphic, or as having a special meaning for an output device (e.g. printer or text terminal) then any escape character for this device is a control one.
In character data and attribute values, XML 1.1 allows the use of more control characters than XML 1.0, but, for "robustness", most of the control characters introduced in XML 1.1 must be expressed as numeric character references (and #x7F through #x9F, which had been allowed in XML 1.0, are in XML 1.1 even required to be expressed as numeric ...
Incorrect HTML entity escaping may also open up security vulnerabilities for injection attacks such as cross-site scripting. If HTML attributes are left unquoted, certain characters, most importantly whitespace, such as space and tab, must be escaped using entities. Other languages related to HTML have their own methods of escaping characters.
Browse tree structure of XML documents (in similar way to 'ls' command for directories) Include one XML document into another using XInclude; XML c14n canonicalization; Escape/unescape special XML characters in input text; Print directory as XML document; Convert XML into PYX format (based on ESIS - ISO 8879), and vice versa.
When an escape character is inside a string literal, it means "this is the start of the escape sequence". Every escape sequence specifies one character which is to be placed directly into the string. The actual number of characters required in an escape sequence varies. The escape character is on the top/left of the keyboard, but the editor ...
A metacharacter is a character that has a special meaning to a computer program, such as a shell interpreter or a regular expression (regex) engine.. In POSIX extended regular expressions, there are 14 metacharacters that must be escaped — preceded by a backslash (\) — in order to drop their special meaning and be treated literally inside an expression: opening and closing square brackets ...