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In continuum mechanics and thermodynamics, a control volume (CV) is a mathematical abstraction employed in the process of creating mathematical models of physical processes. In an inertial frame of reference , it is a fictitious region of a given volume fixed in space or moving with constant flow velocity through which the continuuum (a ...
In thermodynamics, the volume of a system is an important extensive parameter for describing its thermodynamic state. The specific volume , an intensive property, is the system's volume per unit mass .
During steady-state operation of a device (see turbine, pump, and engine), any system property within the control volume is independent of time. Therefore, the internal energy of the system enclosed by the control volume remains constant, which implies that d U cv in the expression above may be set equal to zero.
The volume can be the region surrounding a single atom resonating energy, such as Max Planck defined in 1900; it can be a body of steam or air in a steam engine, such as Sadi Carnot defined in 1824. It could also be just one nuclide (i.e. a system of quarks ) as hypothesized in quantum thermodynamics .
Control volume; Instruments; Processes; ... Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals ... The volume contained by the walls can be the region surrounding a ...
= , where k B is the Boltzmann constant, and Ω denotes the volume of macrostate in the phase space or otherwise called thermodynamic probability. d S = δ Q T {\displaystyle dS={\frac {\delta Q}{T}}} , for reversible processes only
The first law of thermodynamics is a formulation of the law of conservation of energy in the context of thermodynamic processes.The law distinguishes two principal forms of energy transfer, heat and thermodynamic work, that modify a thermodynamic system containing a constant amount of matter.
Volume (V) refers to the space occupied by the system. Composition defines the amount of each component present for systems with more than one component (e.g., mixtures). Thermodynamic Path