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Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands . [ 5 ]
The secretin receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCTR gene. This protein is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds secretin and is the leading member ( i.e. , first cloned) of the secretin receptor family , also called class B GPCR subfamily.
Other members of the structurally similar group include secretin, gastric inhibitory peptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, prealbumin, peptide HI-27, and growth hormone releasing factor. Human hormones from this family
The secretin-receptor family GPCRs exist in many animal species. Data mining with the Pfam signature has identified members in fungi, although due to their presumed non-hormonal function they are more commonly referred to as Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors , making the Adhesion subfamily the more basal group. [ 6 ]
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, also known as vasoactive intestinal polypeptide or VIP, is a peptide hormone that is vasoactive in the intestine. VIP is a peptide of 28 amino acid residues that belongs to a glucagon/secretin superfamily, the ligand of class II G protein–coupled receptors. [5]
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), also known as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, is an inhibiting hormone of the secretin family of hormones. [5] While it is a weak inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, its main role, being an incretin, is to stimulate insulin secretion.
The effects range from excitatory or inhibitory effects on motility and secretion to feelings of satiety or hunger when acting on the brain. These hormones fall into three major categories, the gastrin and secretin families, with the third composed of all the other hormones unlike those in the other two families. Further information on the GI ...
Secretin stimulation test, which measures evoked gastrin levels. Note that the mechanism underlying this test is in contrast to the normal physiologic mechanism whereby secretin inhibits gastrin release from G cells. Gastrinoma cells release gastrin in response to secretin stimulation, [12] [13] thereby providing a sensitive means of ...