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The fundamental method to create a buffer around a geographic feature stored in a vector data model, with a given radius r is as follows: [4] Single point: Create a circle around the point with radius r. Polyline, which consists of an ordered list of points (vertices) connected by straight lines. This is also used for the boundary of a polygon.
Extensions to the above notation allow the GEOREF system to be used to designate an area around a reference point. This is achieved by adding an area designation to a base GEOREF co-ordinate. The area designation can be the letter S, to specify the sides of a rectangle (separated by the letter X); or the letter R, to specify the radius of a circle.
A cyclocycloid is a roulette traced by a point attached to a circle of radius r rolling around, a fixed circle of radius R, where the point is at a distance d from the center of the exterior circle. The red curve is a cyclocycloid (in this case an hypocycloid ) drawn as the smaller black circle rolls around inside the larger blue circle ...
Earth radius (denoted as R 🜨 or R E) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid (an oblate ellipsoid), the radius ranges from a maximum (equatorial radius, denoted a) of nearly 6,378 km (3,963 mi) to a minimum (polar radius, denoted b) of nearly 6,357 km (3,950 mi).
Set the new radius for v to be the value for which k circles of radius r would give a covering angle of exactly 2π. Each of these steps may be performed with simple trigonometric calculations, and as Collins and Stephenson argue, the system of radii converges rapidly to a unique fixed point for which all covering angles are exactly 2π. Once ...
The locus of points such that the sum of the squares of the distances to the given points is constant is a circle, whose centre is at the centroid of the given points. [22] A generalisation for higher powers of distances is obtained if under n {\displaystyle n} points the vertices of the regular polygon P n {\displaystyle P_{n}} are taken. [ 23 ]