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A branchiostegal lung is a respiration organ used by some air-breathing arthropods.It is one of the most significant adaptations of some crabs [1] and hermit crabs such as the coconut crab to their terrestrial habitats.
Along with the diaphragm, the intercostal muscles are one of the most important groups of respiratory muscles. These muscles are attached between the ribs and are important in manipulating the width of the rib cage. There are three layers of intercostal muscles. The external intercostal muscles are most important in respiration.
The lungs possess several characteristics which protect against infection. The respiratory tract is lined by respiratory epithelium or respiratory mucosa, with hair-like projections called cilia that beat rhythmically and carry mucus. This mucociliary clearance is an important defence system against air-borne infection. [34]
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants. The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary ...
The lungs can be included in the lower respiratory tract or as separate entity and include the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli. [3] Adult and pediatric airway anatomy. The respiratory tract can also be divided into a conducting zone and a respiratory zone, based on the distinction of transporting gases or ...
Game content, including graphics, animation, sound, and physics, is authored in the 3D modeling and animation suite Blender [1] Blender Game Engine: C, C++: 2000 Python: Yes 2D, 3D Windows, Linux, macOS, Solaris: Yo Frankie!, Sintel The Game, ColorCube: GPL-2.0-or-later: 2D/3D game engine packaged in a 3D modelar with integrated Bullet physics ...
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Recall that the relationship represented in a Davenport diagram is a relationship between three variables: P CO 2, bicarbonate concentration and pH.Thus, Fig. 7 can be thought of as a topographical map—that is, a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional surface—where each isopleth indicates a different partial pressure or “altitude.”