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Right-sided and bilateral varicocele does also occur. Men with varicocele can feel symptoms of pain or heaviness in their scrotum. [5] Large varicoceles present as plexus of veins and may be described as a "bag of worms". [6] [7] Varicocele is sometimes discovered when investigating the cause of male infertility. [8] [9]
While one may expect the female to have an equal prevalence of pelvic compression syndrome due to the identical embryological origin of the valveless pampiniform plexus, this condition is thought to be underdiagnosed due to the broad differential of the pain pattern: unilateral or bilateral pain, dull to sharp, constant to intermittent pain worsening with any increase in abdominal pressure.
It can result in varicose veins and, in severe cases, in venous ulcer. The reversed blood pools in the low third of legs and feet. [17] Unlike in the arterial ultrasound study, when the sonographer studies venous insufficiency, the vein wall itself has no relevance and attention is focused on the direction of blood flow. The objective of the ...
Varicose veins are unlikely to be caused by crossing the legs or ankles. [17] Less commonly, but not exceptionally, varicose veins can be due to other causes, such as post-phlebitic obstruction or incontinence, venous and arteriovenous malformations. [18] Venous reflux is a significant cause. Research has also shown the importance of pelvic ...
The pain is worse during or after sexual intercourse, and can be worse just before the onset of the menstrual period. [ 8 ] Women with pelvic congestion syndrome have a larger uterus and a thicker endometrium . 56% of women manifest cystic changes to the ovaries, [ 9 ] and many report other symptoms, such as dysmenorrhea , back pain, vaginal ...
Diagnosis of female varicocele, properly called pelvic compression syndrome, should be expected to be as frequent as male varicocele (15% of healthy asymptomatic men which are thought to develop primarily during puberty and prevalence increases approximately 10% per decade of life [3]).
Another clinical study has shown that nutcracker syndrome is a frequent finding in varicocele-affected patients and possibly, nutcracker syndrome should be routinely excluded as a possible cause of varicocele and pelvic congestion. [10] In women, the hypertension in the left gonadal vein can also cause increased pain during menses. [10]
Chronic testicular pain may be caused by injury, infection, surgery, cancer, varicocele, or testicular torsion, and is a possible complication after vasectomy. [2] IgG4-related disease is a more recently identified cause of chronic orchialgia. [4] One author describes the syndromes of chronic testicular pain thus: