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A polarimeter [1] is a scientific instrument used to measure optical rotation: the angle of rotation caused by passing linearly polarized light through an optically active substance. [ 2 ] Some chemical substances are optically active, and linearly polarized (uni-directional) light will rotate either to the left (counter-clockwise) or right ...
Optical activity is measured using a polarized source and polarimeter. This is a tool particularly used in the sugar industry to measure the sugar concentration of syrup, and generally in chemistry to measure the concentration or enantiomeric ratio of chiral molecules in solution.
A simple polarimeter to measure this rotation consists of a long tube with flat glass ends, into which the sample is placed. At each end of the tube is a Nicol prism or other polarizer. Light is shone through the tube, and the prism at the other end, attached to an eye-piece, is rotated to arrive at the region of complete brightness or that of ...
The GDx nerve fiber analyzers measure the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness with a scanning laser polarimeter based on the birefringent properties of the RNFL. Measurement is obtained from a band 1.75 disc diameters concentric to the disc. It projects a polarized beam of a light into the eye.
The rotation is reported using degrees, and no units of concentration are given (it is assumed to be g/100mL). The sign of the rotation (+ or −) is always given. If the wavelength of the light used is 589 nanometer (the sodium D line), the symbol “D” is used. If the temperature is omitted, it is assumed to be at standard room temperature ...
historically, used in human or animal experiments to measure and record data Long extension kymograph: historically, used in or human animal experiments to measure and record data Surface plasmon resonance: Label-free detection of molecule binding. Used to determine kinetic constants of the interaction (k a, k d, K D). Can also be used for ...
Presently used in some places where sophisticated optical instruments are not available Haemocytometer: a microscope associated apparatus used for manual counting of cells in body fluids like blood, etc. including for sperm count: Wintrobe's tube: used for ESR (Wintrobe's method), PCV, haematocrit, etc. Westergren's tube and ESR stand
A saccharimeter is an instrument for measuring the concentration of sugar solutions.. This is commonly achieved using a measurement of refractive index (refractometer) or the angle of rotation of polarization of optically active sugars (polarimeter).