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Antiretroviral drugs are used to manage HIV/AIDS. Multiple antiretroviral drugs are often combined into a single pill in order to reduce pill burden. Some of these combinations are complete single-tablet regimens; the others must be combined with additional pills to make a treatment regimen.
Severe side effects may include bone marrow suppression, muscle damage, worsening of hepatitis B if previously infected, high blood lactate and liver enlargement. [2] [4] It may be part of a recommended treatment during pregnancy. [2] The medications are both of the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) class. [2]
Schematic description of the mechanism of the four classes of available antiretroviral drugs against HIV. There are six classes of drugs, which are usually used in combination, to treat HIV infection. Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are broadly classified by the phase of the retrovirus life-cycle that the drug inhibits. Typical combinations include ...
As with many medications targeting reverse transcriptase, body fat redistribution syndrome may occur, causing body fat to center on the upper back and neck, breast, and torso, and potentially decreasing around the legs, arms, and face. [11]
These three drugs work in combination to target the HIV reverse transcriptase protein in three ways, which reduces the virus's capacity to mutate. [5] In combination studies there were synergistic antiviral effects observed between emtricitabine and efavirenz, efavirenz and tenofovir, and emtricitabine and tenofovir. [5]
Abacavir/lamivudine, sold under the brand name Kivexa among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. [4] It contains abacavir and lamivudine. [4] It is generally recommended for use with other antiretrovirals. [4] It is commonly used as part of the preferred treatment in children. [5]
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