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In the above example, the function Base<Derived>::interface(), though declared before the existence of the struct Derived is known by the compiler (i.e., before Derived is declared), is not actually instantiated by the compiler until it is actually called by some later code which occurs after the declaration of Derived (not shown in the above ...
In computer programming, lazy initialization is the tactic of delaying the creation of an object, the calculation of a value, or some other expensive process until the first time it is needed.
An IDL file is compiled via the MIDL compiler. For use with C/C++, the MIDL compiler generates a header file with struct definitions to match the vtbls of the declared interfaces and a C file containing declarations of the interface GUIDs. C++ source code for a proxy module can also be generated by the MIDL compiler.
A class defines an implementation of an interface, and instantiating the class results in an object that exposes the implementation via the interface. [3] In the terms of type theory, a class is an implementation—a concrete data structure and collection of subroutines—while a type is an interface .
An IUnknown (or IUnknown-derived) interface consists of a pointer to a virtual method table that contains a list of pointers to the functions that implement the functions declared in the interface, in the order that they are declared in the interface. The in-process invocation call overhead is therefore identical to virtual method calls in C++. [2]
An interface is passed to the generic interface and implementation modules as arguments, and the compiler will generate concrete modules. For example, one could define a GenericStack, then instantiate it with interfaces such as IntegerElem , or RealElem , or even interfaces to Objects, as long as each of those interfaces defines the properties ...
The marker interface pattern is a design pattern in computer science, used with languages that provide run-time type information about objects. It provides a means to associate metadata with a class where the language does not have explicit support for such metadata.
For C and C++, the compiler is allowed to give a compile-time diagnostic in these cases, but is not required to: the implementation will be considered correct whatever it does in such cases, analogous to don't-care terms in digital logic. It is the responsibility of the programmer to write code that never invokes undefined behavior, although ...