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Members of the peerage carry the titles of duke, marquess, earl, viscount or baron (in Scotland historically lord of parliament). British peers are sometimes referred to generically as lords, although individual dukes are not so styled when addressed or by reference, and those holding some offices are afford the title "Lord" by courtesy.
[citation needed] The eldest son of the eldest son of a duke or marquess may use a still lower title, if one exists. In legal documents, the courtesy title is implied, but not used directly – that is, the name of the person is given, followed by "commonly called [title]". For example, the Duke of Norfolk is also Earl of Arundel and Baron ...
The Duke of St Albans: Earl of Burford* Lord Vere* The Duke of Bedford: Marquess of Tavistock* Lord Howland [4] The Duke of Devonshire: Marquess of Hartington: Earl of Burlington* [5] Lord Cavendish* The Duke of Marlborough: Marquess of Blandford* Earl of Sunderland: Lord Churchill The Duke of Rutland: Marquess of Granby* Lord Haddon The Duke ...
A duke thus outranks all other holders of titles of nobility (marquess, earl, viscount and baron or lord of parliament). The wife of a duke is known as a duchess, which is also the title of a woman who holds a dukedom in her own right, referred to as a duchess suo jure ; her spouse, however, does not receive any title.
Variant forms include Doge and Duce; it has also been modified into Archduke (meaning "chief" Duke), Grand Duke (literally "large", or "big" Duke; see above under royal titles), Vice Duke ("deputy" Duke), etc. The female equivalent is Duchess. Doge, elected lord and head of state in several Italian city-states
The Dukes of Sussex, of York and of Edinburgh bear by letters patent the coronet of a child of the sovereign (four crosses patées alternating with four fleurs-de-lis), while the Duke of Cornwall, Rothesay and Cambridge has use of the Prince of Wales' coronet, and the current dukes of Gloucester and of Kent, as grandsons of a sovereign bear the ...
The word means "head of the nation" or "head of the army". A duke ruled a duchy ; a duke of two or more duchies was called eristavt-eristavi, duke of dukes. In the 6th to 9th centuries, Iberia was ruled by Erismtavari, a title similar to grand duke. Erismtavari was the first among equal dukes.
William FitzGerald, 2nd Duke of Leinster. A modest number of titles in the peerage of Ireland date from the Middle Ages.Before 1801, Irish peers had the right to sit in the Irish House of Lords, on the abolition of which by the Union effective in 1801 by an Act of 1800 they elected a small proportion – twenty-eight Irish representative peers – of their number (and elected replacements as ...