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Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause harm. [1] Pollution can take the form of any substance (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy (such as radioactivity, heat, sound, or light). Pollutants, the components of pollution, can be either foreign substances/energies or naturally occurring contaminants.
A World Bank study found that PM 2.5 pollution in 2019 cost the world economy over $8 trillion, which was over 6% of global GDP. They suggested prioritising reducing pollution from diesel fuelled vehicles and coal-fired power plants. [177]: ix The problem is most acute in the developing world. "Children under age 5 in lower-income countries are ...
In 2022, the most comprehensive study of pharmaceutical pollution of the world's rivers found that it threatens "environmental and/or human health in more than a quarter of the studied locations". It investigated 1,052 sampling sites along 258 rivers in 104 countries, representing the river pollution of 470 million people.
How bad is the world’s plastic problem? Few disagree that the level of pollution has reached alarming heights. Between 2000 and 2019, annual production of plastics doubled to 460 million tons.
Air pollution is associated with an estimated 7 million premature deaths each year. WHO guidelines recommend exposure to no more than an annual mean PM2.5 concentration of 5 micrograms per cubic ...
Air pollution — Atmospheric particulate matter • Biological effects of UV exposure • CFC • Environmental impact of the coal industry • Environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing • Indoor air quality • Ozone depletion • Smog • Tropospheric ozone • Volatile organic compound • Ultrafine particles