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Drugs and drug candidates in this class are fungicidal against some yeasts (most species of Candida, but not Cryptococcus, Trichosporon, and Rhodotorula). Echinocandins also have displayed activity against Candida biofilms, especially in synergistic activity with amphotericin B and additive activity with fluconazole.
Caspofungin (INN; [1] [4] brand name Cancidas) is a lipopeptide antifungal drug from Merck & Co., Inc.. [5] It is a member of a class of antifungals termed the echinocandins. [medical citation needed] It works by inhibiting the enzyme (1→3)-β-D-glucan synthase and thereby disturbing the integrity of the fungal cell wall.
Micafungin is indicated for the treatment of candidemia, acute disseminated candidiasis, Candida peritonitis, abscesses and esophageal candidiasis.. Micafungin works by way of concentration-dependent inhibition of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase resulting in reduced formation of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, which is an essential polysaccharide comprising one-third of the majority of Candida spp. cell walls.
Anidulafungin [1]: 42 (trade names Eraxis, Ecalta) is a semisynthetic echinocandin used as an antifungal drug.It was previously known as LY303366. [3] [4] [5] It may also have application in treating invasive Aspergillus infection when used in combination with voriconazole. [6]
Echinocandin B, a lipopeptide, is a naturally occurring cyclic hexapeptide with a linoleoyl side chain. It belongs to a class of antifungal agents called echinocandins , which inhibits the synthesis of glucan, a major component of the fungal cell wall, via noncompetitive inhibition of a crucial enzyme , β-(1→3)- D -glucan synthase .
The side effects of oral treatment are significant and people without an infection should not take these drugs. [36] Azoles are the group of antifungals which act on the cell membrane of fungi. They inhibit the enzyme 14-alpha-sterol demethylase, a microsomal CYP, which is required for the biosynthesis of ergosterol for the cytoplasmic membrane.