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  2. Sociology of human consciousness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology_of_human...

    The sociological approach [5] emphasizes the importance of language, collective representations, self-conceptions, and self-reflectivity.This theoretical approach argues that the shape and feel of human consciousness is heavily social, and this is no less true of our experiences of "collective consciousness" than it is of our experiences of individual consciousness.

  3. Manifest and latent functions and dysfunctions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manifest_and_latent...

    Manifest functions are the consequences that people see, observe or even expect. It is explicitly stated and understood by the participants in the relevant action. The manifest function of a rain dance, according to Merton in his 1957 Social Theory and Social Structure, is to produce rain, and this outcome is intended and desired by people participating in the ritual.

  4. Scarcity (social psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarcity_(social_psychology)

    For example diamonds are more valuable than rocks because diamonds are not as abundant. [2] These perceptions of scarcity can lead to irregular consumer behavior, such as systemic errors or cognitive bias. [3] [4] There are two social psychology principles that work with scarcity that increase its powerful force. One is social proof. This is a ...

  5. Mindset - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindset

    In cognitive psychology, a mindset is the cognitive process activated in a task. [8] In addition to the field of cognitive psychology, the study of mindset is evident in the social sciences and other fields (such as positive psychology). Characteristic of this area of study is its fragmentation among academic disciplines. [8] [6]

  6. Crab mentality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_mentality

    Crab mentality, also known as crab theory, [1] [2] crabs in a bucket [a] mentality, or the crab-bucket effect, describes the mindset of people who try to prevent others from gaining a favorable position, even if attaining such position would not directly impact those trying to stop them. It is usually summarized with the phrase "If I can't have ...

  7. Siege mentality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_mentality

    In sociology, siege mentality is a shared feeling of victimization and defensiveness—a term derived from the actual experience of military defences of real sieges.It is a collective state of mind in which a group of people believe themselves constantly attacked, oppressed, or isolated in the face of the negative intentions of the rest of the world.

  8. Social psychology (sociology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_psychology_(sociology)

    In sociology, social psychology (also known as sociological social psychology) studies the relationship between the individual and society. [1] [2] Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of psychology, sociological social psychology places relatively more emphasis on the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as ...

  9. Theories of Surplus Value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_Surplus_Value

    Theories of Surplus Value (German: Theorien über den Mehrwert) is a draft manuscript written by Karl Marx between January 1862 and July 1863. [1] It is mainly concerned with the Western European theorizing about Mehrwert (added value or surplus value ) from about 1750, critically examining the ideas of British, French and German political ...