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Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) is a multimodal large language model trained and created by OpenAI and the fourth in its series of GPT foundation models. [1] It was launched on March 14, 2023, [ 1 ] and made publicly available via the paid chatbot product ChatGPT Plus , via OpenAI's API , and via the free chatbot Microsoft Copilot ...
Generative pretraining (GP) was a long-established concept in machine learning applications. [16] [17] It was originally used as a form of semi-supervised learning, as the model is trained first on an unlabelled dataset (pretraining step) by learning to generate datapoints in the dataset, and then it is trained to classify a labelled dataset.
Generative AI systems trained on words or word tokens include GPT-3, GPT-4, GPT-4o, LaMDA, LLaMA, BLOOM, Gemini and others (see List of large language models). They are capable of natural language processing, machine translation, and natural language generation and can be used as foundation models for other tasks. [62]
[6] [7] GPT-4o scored 88.7 on the Massive Multitask Language Understanding benchmark compared to 86.5 for GPT-4. [8] Unlike GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, which rely on other models to process sound, GPT-4o natively supports voice-to-voice. [8] The Advanced Voice Mode was delayed and finally released to ChatGPT Plus and Team subscribers in September 2024. [9]
The model may output text that appears confident, though the underlying token predictions have low likelihood scores. Large language models like GPT-4 can have accurately calibrated likelihood scores in their token predictions, [33] and so the model output uncertainty can be directly estimated by reading out the token prediction likelihood scores.
A foundation model, also known as large X model (LxM), is a machine learning or deep learning model that is trained on vast datasets so it can be applied across a wide range of use cases. [1] Generative AI applications like Large Language Models are often examples of foundation models.
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Gemini (formerly known as Bard) is a family of multimodal large language models developed by Google DeepMind, serving as the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Ultra, Gemini Pro, Gemini Flash, and Gemini Nano, it was announced on December 6, 2023, positioned as a competitor to OpenAI's GPT-4. It powers the chatbot of the same name.