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A rainbow is an optical phenomenon caused by refraction, internal reflection and dispersion of light in water droplets resulting in a continuous spectrum of light appearing in the sky. [1] The rainbow takes the form of a multicoloured circular arc . [ 2 ]
These result from a combination of internal reflection and dispersive refraction of light in raindrops. Because rainbows are seen on the opposite side of the sky from the Sun, rainbows are more visible the closer the Sun is to the horizon. For example, if the Sun is overhead, any possible rainbow appears near an observer's feet, making it hard ...
Chatoyancy, cat's eye gems such as chrysoberyl cat's eye or aquamarine cat's eye; Chromatic polarization; Diffraction, the apparent bending and spreading of light waves when they meet an obstruction; Dispersion; Double refraction or birefringence of calcite and other minerals; Double-slit experiment; Electroluminescence; Evanescent wave
Optical prisms and lenses use refraction to redirect light, as does the human eye. The refractive index of materials varies with the wavelength of light, [3] and thus the angle of the refraction also varies correspondingly. This is called dispersion and causes prisms and rainbows to divide white light into its constituent spectral colors. [4]
In secondary rainbows, that order is reversed with violet coming first from top to bottom. A secondary rainbow is much fainter than a primary one because the intensity of light is reduced.
Al-Haytham solved this problem using his theory of refraction. He argued that although the object sends an infinite number of rays of light to the eye, only one of these lines falls on the eye perpendicularly: the other rays meet the eye at angles that are not perpendicular. According to al-Haytham, this causes them to be refracted and weakened.
They look like retro, faded rainbows that stayed out in the sun too long and lost their color. Well, after a fogbow was spotted in Tulsa, the chief meteorologist at our partner
The illustration incorporates many examples of optical phenomena including perspective effects, the rainbow, mirrors, and refraction. Alhazen was the first person to explain that vision occurs when light reflects from an object into one's eyes. [7]