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Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data to provide superior results compared with generic data compression methods which are used for other digital data. [1]
Thus, a representation that compresses the storage size of a file from 10 MB to 2 MB yields a space saving of 1 - 2/10 = 0.8, often notated as a percentage, 80%. For signals of indefinite size, such as streaming audio and video, the compression ratio is defined in terms of uncompressed and compressed data rates instead of data sizes:
Composite image showing JPG and PNG image compression. Left side of the image is from a JPEG image, showing lossy artefacts; the right side is from a PNG image. In the late 1980s, digital images became more common, and standards for lossless image compression emerged. In the early 1990s, lossy compression methods began to be widely used. [14]
Compression of an image to reduce file size (in Kb) is usually "lossy" and is not advised for featured pictures. Image compression will reduce download times and save disk space, but it does so at the expense of fine detail and overall image quality. If in doubt, when saving JPEG files, always select the "maximum" quality setting.
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Free Lossless Image Format (FLIF) is a lossless image format claiming to outperform PNG, lossless WebP, lossless BPG and lossless JPEG 2000 in terms of compression ratio on a variety of inputs. [ 4 ]