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Red-footed tortoises have many common names: red-leg, red-legged, or red-foot tortoise (often without the hyphen) and the savanna tortoise, as well as local names, such as carumbe or karumbe, which means 'slow moving' (Brazil, Paraguay), wayapopi or morrocoy (Venezuela, Colombia), and variations of jabuti such as japuta and jabuti-piranga (Brazil, Argentina). [5]
The brain of a tortoise is extremely small. Red-footed tortoises, from Central and South America, do not have an area in the brain called the hippocampus, which relates to emotion, learning, memory and spatial navigation. Studies have shown that red-footed tortoises may rely on an area of the brain called the medial cortex for emotional actions ...
The desert tortoise grows slowly, often taking 16 years or longer to reach about 20 cm (8 in) in length. The growth rate varies with age, location, gender and precipitation. It can slow down from 12 mm/year for ages 4–8 years to about 6.0 mm/year for ages 16 to 20 years.
C. carbonarius – red-footed tortoise [2] C. chilensis – Chaco tortoise [2] C. denticulatus – yellow-footed tortoise [2] C. niger – Galápagos tortoise – with the following subspecies: [2] [7] † C. n. abingdonii – Pinta Island tortoise (extinct as of 2012, but could be bred back from hybrids and/or persist as lone individuals) [2] [8]
Once hatched, the baby tortoises spend most of their time in their mother's burrow until they learn to dig their own burrow. They do not reach maturity until they are around 10 to 15 years old. Gopher tortoises have an abbreviated mating season in early spring, when male tortoises visit the female tortoise' burrows and mate with them. [17]
Sequence evolution at least in mtDNA is known to proceed much more slowly in some turtles and tortoises than in others; [5] the rate of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene in Testudo is probably a rather low 1.0–1.6% per million years (as this fits best the paleobiogeographical situation), limiting the resolution provided by molecular systematics.
Ninety percent of clutches may be destroyed by predators such as armadillos, raccoons, foxes, skunks, and alligators [27] before the eggs hatch, and less than 6% of eggs are expected to grow into tortoises that live one year or more after hatching. [32] As the tortoises age, they have fewer natural predators. [13] Egg predation rates are ...
The neck of the Aldabra giant tortoise is very long, even for its great size, which helps the animal to exploit tree branches up to a meter from the ground as a food source. Similar in size to the famous Galápagos giant tortoise, its carapace averages 122 cm (48 in) in length. Males have an average weight of 250 kg (550 lb).