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Candle moulding machine in Indonesia circa 1920. Candle making was developed independently in a number of countries around the world. [1]Candles were primarily made from tallow and beeswax in Europe from the Roman period until the modern era, when spermaceti (from sperm whales) was used in the 18th and 19th centuries, [2] and purified animal fats and paraffin wax since the 19th century. [1]
Candle followers are often deliberately heavy or weighted to ensure they move down as the candle burns lower, maintaining a seal and preventing wax escape. The purpose of a candle follower is threefold: To contain the melted wax, making the candle more efficient, avoiding mess, and producing a more even burn.
A mold or mould is a hollowed-out block that is filled with a liquid or pliable material such as plastic, glass, metal, or ceramic raw material. [2] The liquid hardens or sets inside the mold, adopting its shape. A mold is a counterpart to a cast. The very common bi-valve molding process uses two molds, one for each half of the object.
Candy making is the preparation and cookery of candies and sugar confections. Candy making includes the preparation of many various candies, such as hard candies , jelly beans , gumdrops , taffy , liquorice , cotton candy , chocolates and chocolate truffles , dragées , fudge , caramel candy , and toffee .
Gurley Novelty or simply Gurley was a candle-making company that existed throughout the second half of the 20th century. Gurley was known for making small, figurine-shaped candles for the main holidays, most notably Christmas, Thanksgiving, and Halloween. The company was owned by Franklin Gurley, who also designed the candles.