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In medicine (gastroenterology), angiodysplasia is a small vascular malformation of the gut. It is a common cause of otherwise unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding and anemia. Lesions are often multiple, and frequently involve the cecum or ascending colon, although they can occur at other places.
An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary system. Usually congenital , this vascular anomaly is widely known because of its occurrence in the central nervous system (usually as a cerebral AVM ), but can appear anywhere in the body.
Low-flow malformations involve a single type of blood or lymph vessel, and are known as simple vascular malformations; high-flow malformations involve an artery. There are also malformations that are of mixed-flow involving more than one type of vessel, such as an arteriovenous malformation . [ 2 ]
As no physical contact is made with the lesion, the procedure is safe if the bowel has been cleaned of colonic gases, [2] [3] and can be used to treat bleeding in parts of the gastrointestinal tract with thin walls, such as the cecum.
Heyde's syndrome; A stenotic aortic valve: Specialty: Cardiology, general surgery, Hematology: Symptoms: Aortic valve stenosis symptoms: Chest pain (angina) or tightness Shortness of breath, especially during exertion or when lying down Fatigue or weakness Irregular heartbeat or heart palpitations Dizziness or fainting episodes Gastrointestinal bleeding symptoms: Occult (hidden) or overt ...
Arterial malformation ; Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) : a lesion with a direct communication via fistulae between an artery and a vein. [3] Arteriovenous malformation : a lesion with a direct connection between an artery and a vein, without an intervening capillary bed, but with an interposed nidus of dysplastic vascular channels in between. [13]
Butyl cyanoacrylate has been used to treat arteriovenous malformations [6] by application of the glue into the abnormality through angiography. In gastroenterology, butyl cyanoacrylate is used to treat bleeding gastric varices , which are dilated veins that occur in the setting of liver cirrhosis or thrombosis of the splenic vein . [ 7 ]
Arterio refers to the arteries, which are the the blood vessels that take blood away from the heart, and venous refers to the veins, which carry blood toward the heart. Mal- means “badly”, so an arteriovenous malformation, or AVM, is some sort of “bad” or abnormal formation between the arteries and veins.