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4 Chemistry. 5 Sources of meteorites found on Earth. ... A meteorite is a rock that originated in outer space and has fallen to the surface of a planet or moon.
A chondrite / ˈ k ɒ n d r aɪ t / is a stony (non-metallic) meteorite that has not been modified by either melting or differentiation of the parent body. [a] [1] They are formed when various types of dust and small grains in the early Solar System accreted to form primitive asteroids.
Iron meteorites, also called siderites or ferrous meteorites, are a type of meteorite that consist overwhelmingly of an iron–nickel alloy known as meteoric iron that usually consists of two mineral phases: kamacite and taenite. Most iron meteorites originate from cores of planetesimals, [3] with the exception of the IIE iron meteorite group. [4]
The Murchison meteorite is a meteorite that fell in Australia in 1969 near Murchison, Victoria. It belongs to the carbonaceous chondrite class, a group of meteorites rich in organic compounds . Due to its mass (over 100 kg or 220 lb) and the fact that it was an observed fall , the Murchison meteorite is one of the most studied of all meteorites .
The Allende meteorite is the largest carbonaceous chondrite ever found on Earth. The fireball was witnessed at 01:05 on February 8, 1969, falling over the Mexican state of Chihuahua . [ 1 ] After it broke up in the atmosphere , an extensive search for pieces was conducted and over 2 tonnes (2.2 tons) were recovered.
A Martian meteorite is a rock that formed on Mars, was ejected from the planet by an impact event, and traversed interplanetary space before landing on Earth as a meteorite. As of September 2020, 277 meteorites had been classified as Martian, less than half a percent of the 72,000 meteorites that have been classified. [1]
Murchison meteorite. Most of the organic carbon in CI and CM carbonaceous chondrites is an insoluble complex material. That is similar to the description for kerogen. A kerogen-like material is also in the ALH84001 Martian meteorite (an achondrite).
Ordinary chondrite NWA 3189 sliced. Field of view c. 2.2 cm across. NWA 3189 has been classified as an LL3.2–3.4 ordinary chondrite ("LL" means very low total iron content; "3" refers to well-preserved chondrules – the rock has not been subjected to metamorphism intense enough to disrupt the chondritic texture).