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Similarly, a standardized anomaly equals an anomaly divided by a standard deviation. [1] A group of anomalies can be analyzed spatially, as a map, or temporally, as a time series. It should not be confused for an isolated outlier. There are examples in atmospheric sciences and in geophysics.
Anomaly detection finds application in many domains including cybersecurity, medicine, machine vision, statistics, neuroscience, law enforcement and financial fraud to name only a few. Anomalies were initially searched for clear rejection or omission from the data to aid statistical analysis, for example to compute the mean or standard deviation.
Mean anomaly, a measure of time in the study of orbital dynamics Pioneer anomaly , the observed deviation of the trajectories of some uncrewed space probes, and especially Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11 South Atlantic Anomaly , an area where the Earth's inner Van Allen radiation belt comes closest to the Earth's surface
The gravity anomaly at a location on the Earth's surface is the difference between the observed value of gravity and the value predicted by a theoretical model. If the Earth were an ideal oblate spheroid of uniform density, then the gravity measured at every point on its surface would be given precisely by a simple algebraic expression.
Define ℓ as the mean longitude, the angular distance of the body from the same reference direction, assuming it moves with uniform angular motion as with the mean anomaly. Thus mean anomaly is also [6] = . Mean angular motion can also be expressed, = , where μ is the gravitational parameter, which varies with the masses of the objects, and a ...
In quantum physics an anomaly or quantum anomaly is the failure of a symmetry of a theory's classical action to be a symmetry of any regularization of the full quantum theory. [1] [2] In classical physics, a classical anomaly is the failure of a symmetry to be restored in the limit in which the symmetry-breaking parameter goes to zero.
Henry Bauer, emeritus professor of science studies at Virginia Tech, writes that anomalistics is "a politically correct term for the study of bizarre claims", [5] while David J. Hess of the Department of Science and Technology Studies at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute describes it as being "the scientific study of anomalies defined as ...
In physics, quantum mechanics, and quantum field theory, an anomaly is a breaking of a symmetry which exists at the classical level. Anomalous global symmetries are often consistent, but anomalous gauge symmetries are usually inconsistent.