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The Venera 10 lander operated for at least 65 minutes and took pictures with one of two cameras; the other lens cap did not release. The Venera 11 lander operated for at least 95 minutes but neither camera's lens cap released. The Venera 12 lander operated for at least 110 minutes but neither camera's lens cap released.
Venera 9 was the first probe to send back television pictures (black and white) from the Venusian surface, showing no shadows, no apparent dust in the air, and a variety of 30 to 40 cm (12 to 16 in) rocks which were not eroded. Planned 360-degree panoramic pictures could not be taken because one of two camera lens covers failed to come off ...
Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970. Pioneer Venus 2 contained the first spacecraft to land from the United States, the Day Probe. It soft landed on 9 December 1978.
The lander was a hermetically-sealed pressure vessel and contained most of the instrumentation and electronics. Mounted on a ring-shaped landing platform and topped by an antenna, the lander was designed similar to earlier Venera 9–12 landers.
Each of the Venera 11 and Venera 12 included landers with a pair of cameras, each of which was designed for color imaging. A design flaw prevented the lens caps from separating, resulting in all cameras failing to capture and return images. [6] The list of lander experiments and instruments are: [5] Backscatter nephelometer; Mass spectrometer ...
As the cruise stage flew by Venus, the bus acted as a data relay for the lander before continuing on to a heliocentric orbit.Venera 14 was equipped with a gamma-ray spectrometer, UV grating monochromator, electron and proton spectrometers, gamma-ray burst detectors, solar wind plasma detectors, and two-frequency transmitters which made measurements before, during, and after the Venus flyby.
The avalanche left at a 36-year-old skier at Togwotee Pass in Wyoming on ... Brent Blue told USA TODAY on Monday morning that the victim was 36-year-old Kenneth Goff of Lander, Wyoming. ...
Venera 7 (Russian: Венера-7, lit. 'Venus 7') was a Soviet spacecraft, part of the Venera series of probes to Venus . When it landed on the Venusian surface on 15 December 1970, it became the first spacecraft to soft land on another planet and the first to transmit data from there back to Earth .