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Under the Weimar Constitution, the vote of no confidence often resulted in difficulty forming new coalitions and a degree of parliamentary instability that in the end was fatal to the Republic. [11] [12] The government (cabinet) formulated decisions by majority vote; in the case of a tie, the president's vote was decisive.
The states of the Weimar Republic were the first-level administrative divisions and constituent states of the Weimar Republic. The states were established in 1918–1920 following the German Empire's defeat in World War I and the territorial losses that came with it. They were based on the 22 states and three city-states of the German Empire.
In the fourteen years the Weimar Republic was in existence, some forty parties were represented in the Reichstag.This fragmentation of political power was in part due to the use of a peculiar proportional representation electoral system that encouraged regional or small special interest parties [1] and in part due to the many challenges facing the nascent German democracy in this period.
The constituency was created for the January 1919 election.Under the proportional representation electoral system of the Weimar Republic, voters cast a vote for party lists. [2]
The coat of arms of the Weimar Republic shown above is the version used after 1928, which replaced that shown in the "Flag and coat of arms" section. The flag of Nazi Germany shown above is the version introduced after the fall of the Weimar Republic in 1933 and used till 1935, when it was replaced by the swastika flag , similar, but not exactly the same as the flag of the Nazi Party that had ...
Proportional representation (PR) refers to any electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected body. [1] The concept applies mainly to political divisions (political parties) among voters. The aim of such systems is that all votes cast contribute to the result so that each representative in ...
The Reichstag of the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) was the lower house of Germany's parliament; the upper house was the Reichsrat, which represented the states.The Reichstag convened for the first time on 24 June 1920, taking over from the Weimar National Assembly, which had served as an interim parliament following the collapse of the German Empire in November 1918.
While the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) and Finland (from 1919 to 2000) exemplified early semi-presidential systems, the term "semi-presidential" was first introduced in 1959 in an article by the journalist Hubert Beuve-Méry [5] and popularized by a 1978 work written by the political scientist Maurice Duverger. [6]