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Linnik's theorem in analytic number theory answers a natural question after Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions.It asserts that there exist positive c and L such that, if we denote p(a,d) the least prime in the arithmetic progression
In modular arithmetic, a number g is a primitive root modulo n if every number a coprime to n is congruent to a power of g modulo n. That is, g is a primitive root modulo n if for every integer a coprime to n, there is some integer k for which g k ≡ a (mod n). Such a value k is called the index or discrete logarithm of a to the base g modulo n.
The sequence of primes numbers contains arithmetic progressions of any length. This result was proven by Ben Green and Terence Tao in 2004 and is now known as the Green–Tao theorem. [3] See also Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions. As of 2020, the longest known arithmetic progression of primes has length 27: [4]
A simple way to find such an n is to check for primitive kth roots with respect to the moduli in the arithmetic progression +, +, +, … All of these moduli are coprime to k and thus k is a unit. According to Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions there are infinitely many primes in the progression, and for a prime p {\displaystyle p ...
In number theory, Artin's conjecture on primitive roots states that a given integer a that is neither a square number nor −1 is a primitive root modulo infinitely many primes p. The conjecture also ascribes an asymptotic density to these primes. This conjectural density equals Artin's constant or a rational multiple thereof.
q-3, q-4, q-9, and, for q > 11, q-12 are primitive roots If p is a Sophie Germain prime greater than 3, then p must be congruent to 2 mod 3. For, if not, it would be congruent to 1 mod 3 and 2 p + 1 would be congruent to 3 mod 3, impossible for a prime number. [ 16 ]
In number theory, primes in arithmetic progression are any sequence of at least three prime numbers that are consecutive terms in an arithmetic progression. An example is the sequence of primes (3, 7, 11), which is given by a n = 3 + 4 n {\displaystyle a_{n}=3+4n} for 0 ≤ n ≤ 2 {\displaystyle 0\leq n\leq 2} .
Carmichael calls an element a for which () is the least power of a congruent to 1 (mod n) a primitive λ-root modulo n. [3] This is not to be confused with a primitive root modulo n , which Carmichael sometimes refers to as a primitive φ {\displaystyle \varphi } -root modulo n .)