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In the natural sciences, especially in atmospheric and Earth sciences involving applied statistics, an anomaly is a persisting deviation in a physical quantity from its expected value, e.g., the systematic difference between a measurement and a trend or a model prediction. [1]
Henry Bauer, emeritus professor of science studies at Virginia Tech, writes that anomalistics is "a politically correct term for the study of bizarre claims", [5] while David J. Hess of the Department of Science and Technology Studies at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute describes it as being "the scientific study of anomalies defined as ...
Anomalous propagation can be a limiting factor for the propagation of radiowaves, especially the super refraction. However, reflection on the ionosphere is a common use of this phenomenon to extend the range of the signal. Other multiple reflections or refractions are more complex to predict but can be still useful.
One study suggests that "the rudimentary standard of science communication attending to the extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) hypothesis for UFOs inhibits public understanding of science, dissuades academic inquiry within the physical and social sciences, and undermines progressive space policy initiatives".
Also referred to as frequency-based or counting-based, the simplest non-parametric anomaly detection method is to build a histogram with the training data or a set of known normal instances, and if a test point does not fall in any of the histogram bins mark it as anomalous, or assign an anomaly score to test data based on the height of the bin ...
Anomalous diffusion, the movement of molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration; Anomalous dispersion (optics), when the speed of an electromagnetic wave increases with increasing frequency; Anomalon, a hypothetical type of nuclear matter that shows an anomalously large reactive cross section
A powerful solution is the multi-wavelength anomalous dispersion (MAD) method. In this technique, atoms' inner electrons [clarification needed] absorb X-rays of particular wavelengths, and reemit the X-rays after a delay, inducing a phase shift in all of the reflections, known as the anomalous dispersion effect. Analysis of this phase shift ...
Anomalous global symmetries are often consistent, but anomalous gauge symmetries are usually inconsistent. Pages in category "Anomalies (physics)" The following 19 pages are in this category, out of 19 total.