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Nicotine is a secondary metabolite produced in a variety of plants in the family Solanaceae, most notably in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum, where it can be found at high concentrations of 0.5 to 7.5%. [178] Nicotine is also found in the leaves of other tobacco species, such as Nicotiana rustica (in amounts of 2–14%).
The LD 50 of nicotine is 50 mg/kg for rats and 3 mg/kg for mice. 0.5–1.0 mg/kg can be a lethal dosage for adult humans, and 0.1 mg/kg for children. [19] [20] However the widely used human LD 50 estimate of 0.5–1.0 mg/kg was questioned in a 2013 review, in light of several documented cases of humans surviving much higher doses; the 2013 review suggests that the lower limit causing fatal ...
Nicotine products in general have been linked to reproductive harms such as stillbirth, premature birth, and low birth weight. [4] Conversely, non-tobacco-based nicotine pouches (also known as "nic pouches") are classified as non-carcinogenic [5] [6] [7] since nicotine itself is not a carcinogen. However, they are still harmful to ...
"Although nicotine itself is not a carcinogen, we do not know if people who start by using oral nicotine pouches will continue to find them satisfying, or if they will eventually start using more ...
A 2011 report in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) lists 65 carcinogens or possible carcinogens: "Our list of hazardous smoke components includes all nine components reported in mainstream cigarette smoke that are known human carcinogens (IARC Group I carcinogens), as well as all nine components that ...
Nicotine acts primarily by activation of nicotine acetylcholine receptors (NAR) and nicotine binds to these receptors with a higher affinity than acetylcholine. Furthermore, the tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) NNN ( N ′-nitrosonornicotine) and the potent lung carcinogen NNK (4-(metylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanon) may be formed ...
Most are marketed as smoke-free, hands-free alternatives to cigarettes and other tobacco products. Convenient and concealable: The dark side of Zyn and tobacco-free nicotine products Skip to main ...
LONDON (Reuters) -Nicotine alternatives used in vapes being launched in the U.S. and abroad, such as 6-methyl nicotine, may be more potent and addictive than nicotine itself, though the scientific ...