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  2. East Turkestan independence movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Turkestan...

    East Turkestan Liberation Organization – Was a secessionist militant Uyghur organization that advocated for an independent Uyghur state in Xinjiang. Widely believed to have links to Taliban and the East Turkestan Islamic Movement. [40] Committee for National Revolution – Was a Turkic nationalist Uyghur party which existed in 1932–1934.

  3. Ili Rebellion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ili_Rebellion

    The East Turkestan Independence Movement, 1930s to 1940s. Translated by Fletcher, Carissa. Translated by Fletcher, Carissa. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press.

  4. Second East Turkestan Republic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_East_Turkestan_Republic

    The East Turkestan Republic (ETR) was a satellite state of the Soviet Union in northern Xinjiang (East Turkestan) that existed from 1944 to 1946. It is often described as the Second East Turkestan Republic to differentiate it from the First East Turkestan Republic (1933–1934), but "second" was never a part of its official name.

  5. First East Turkestan Republic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_East_Turkestan_Republic

    The Turkic Islamic Republic of East Turkestan (TIRET) was a breakaway state centered on the city of Kashgar, located in the far west of China's Xinjiang Province.It is often described as the First East Turkestan Republic to differentiate it from the Second East Turkestan Republic (1944–1946) established a decade later.

  6. Xinjiang Wars - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xinjiang_Wars

    The wars also played an important role in the East Turkestan independence movement. Kumul Rebellion (1931–1934) Kirghiz rebellion (1932) Battle of Aksu (1933) Kizil massacre (1933) Battle of Sekes Tash (1933) Battle of Kashgar (1933) Battle of Ürümqi (1933) Battle of Toksun (1933) First Battle of Ürümqi (1933) Second Battle of Ürümqi ...

  7. Incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incorporation_of_Xinjiang...

    At the time, Xinjiang was ruled by a coalition government based in Dihua (present-day Ürümqi), which consisted of Chinese Nationalists (Kuomintang, KMT) and the leadership of the former Second East Turkestan Republic (ETR), a satellite state of the Soviet Union which controlled the "Three Districts" in northern Xinjiang from 1944 to 1946 ...

  8. Abdulkerim Abbas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdulkerim_Abbas

    Abdulkerim Abbas (also russified as Abbasov; 1921 – 27 August 1949) was a Uyghur revolutionary active in Xinjiang, China, during the 20th century.He was one of the leaders of the Ili Rebellion of 1944, which led to the founding of the Second East Turkestan Republic (ETR) in northern Xinjiang.

  9. East Turkestan Revolutionary Party - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Turkestan...

    The East Turkestan Independence Movement, 1930s to 1940s. Translated by Fletcher, Carissa. The Chinese University of Hong Kong Press. ISBN 978-962-996-769-7. Xu, Jianying (November 2016). “东突” 问题的历史与现状述论 [A review of the history and current situation of the 'East Turkestan' issue] (PDF).