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The greatest negative value for the Arctic oscillation since 1950 in January was −3.767 in 1977, which coincided with the coldest mean January temperature in New York City, Washington, D.C., Baltimore, and many other mid-Atlantic locations in that span of time, although the January Arctic oscillation has been negative only 60.6% of the time ...
One of these patterns is the air pressure difference between the Arctic and mid-latitudes: the Arctic oscillation with the Azores highs and Iceland lows known from the weather reports. If this difference is high, a strong westerly wind will result which in winter carries warm and humid Atlantic air masses right down to Europe.
There is a consensus the AMOC keeps northern and western Europe warmer than it would be otherwise be, [16] with the difference of 4 °C (7.2 °F) and 10 °C (18 °F) depending on the area. [14] For instance, studies of the Florida Current suggest the Gulf Stream was around 10% weaker from around 1200 to 1850 due to increased surface salinity ...
AMOC-Index since 900 CE with pronounced slowdown since ~1850; Rahmstorf et al. (2015) [5] Climate scientists Michael Mann of Penn State and Stefan Rahmstorf from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research suggested that the observed cold pattern during years of temperature records is a sign that the Atlantic Ocean's Meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) may be weakening.
The NOAA's "climatic normals" are based on weather conditions analyzed between 1991 and 2020, according to the NWS Climate Prediction Center. Greta Cross is a national trending reporter at USA TODAY.
Evidence for a multidecadal climate oscillation centered in the North Atlantic began to emerge in 1980s work by Folland and colleagues, seen in Fig. 2.d.A. [5] That oscillation was the sole focus of Schlesinger and Ramankutty in 1994, [6] but the actual term Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) was coined by Michael Mann in a 2000 telephone interview with Richard Kerr, [7] as recounted by ...
The 31st annual State of the Climate report confirmed 2020 was among the three warmest years in recorded history.
Maps show NOAA's spring weather outlook across U.S. Nikki Nolan. Updated February 21, 2025 at 12:36 PM. ... NOAA breaks the calendar up into four meteorological seasons. The three-month groups ...