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This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison. As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium.
Boron trioxide or diboron trioxide is the oxide of boron with the formula B 2 O 3. It is a colorless transparent solid, almost always glassy (amorphous), which can be crystallized only with great difficulty.
Boron is considered by many to be a glass former rather than a flux. Some oxides, such as calcium oxide , flux significantly only at high temperature. Lead oxide is the traditional low temperature flux used for crystal glass , but it is now avoided because it is toxic even in small quantities.
In the automotive industry, h-BN mixed with a binder (boron oxide) is used for sealing oxygen sensors, which provide feedback for adjusting fuel flow. The binder utilizes the unique temperature stability and insulating properties of h-BN. [21] Parts can be made by hot pressing from four commercial grades of h-BN.
One of its uses is as a binder in some grades of hexagonal boron nitride for hot pressing. Other uses include flame retardant in epoxy molding compounds, a ceramic flux in some ceramic glazes, reactive self-sealing binders in hazardous waste management, [1] additive for insect-resistant polystyrene, [2] fertilizer, and production of boron glasses.
Boron compounds include all chemical compounds including the element boron. For an alternative listing of boron compounds, please check inorganic_compounds_by_element#Boron . Wikimedia Commons has media related to Boron compounds .
Unlike silicates, boron minerals never contain boron with coordination number greater than four. A typical motif is exemplified by the tetraborate anions of the common mineral borax , shown at left. The formal negative charge of the tetrahedral borate center is balanced by metal cations in the minerals, such as the sodium (Na + ) in borax . [ 1 ]
Its color ranges from black to brown and gold, depending on the chemical bond. It is one of the hardest known materials, along with various forms of diamond and other kinds of boron nitride. Borazon is a crystal created by heating equal quantities of boron and nitrogen at temperatures greater than 1800 °C (3300 °F) at 7 GPa (1 million lbf/in 2).