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Humboldt's model was based on two ideas of the Enlightenment: the individual and the world citizen.Humboldt believed that the university (and education in general, as in the Prussian education system) should enable students to become autonomous individuals and world citizens by developing their own powers of reasoning in an environment of academic freedom.
Universities in northern Europe were more willing to accept the ideas of Enlightenment and were often greatly influenced by them. For instance, the historical ensemble of the University of Tartu in Estonia, that was erected around that time, is now included in the European Heritage Label list as an example of a university in the Age of Enlightenment.
Ancient Egyptians established an organization of higher learning – the Per-ankh, which means the "House of Life" – in 2000 BCE. [3] [4]In the third century BCE, amid the Ptolemaic dynasty, the Serapeum, Mouseion, and Library of Alexandria served as organizations of higher learning in Alexandria.
Roman education played a crucial role in shaping the classical education tradition in the Western world, particularly through its emphasis on rhetoric, law, and civic duty. Unlike the more diverse educational systems of ancient Greece, Roman education was more uniform, reflecting the centralization of Roman society and its focus on preparing ...
The education of the people: A history of primary education in England and Wales in the nineteenth century (Routledge, 2013) Toloudis, Nicholas. Teaching Marianne and Uncle Sam: Public Education, State Centralization, and Teacher Unionism in France and the United States (Temple University Press, 2012) 213, pp. * Sorin-Avram, Virtop (2015).
Horace Mann (May 4, 1796 – August 2, 1859) was an American educational reformer, slavery abolitionist and Whig politician known for his commitment to promoting public education, he is thus also known as The Father of American Education until the Rockefeller family invented the current system in the 1880s "I want workers not thinkers" is the motto. [1]
During this time he wrote Views and Experiences relating to the idea of Elementary Education. In July 1805 the institute at Yverdon opened and attracted visitors and pupils from all over Europe. Many governments sent their own educators to study with Pestalozzi with the desire to implement a similar system in their own nations.
The Renaissance marked a significant revival of classical education, as scholars in Europe rediscovered and embraced the texts and ideas of antiquity. Humanists of this period championed the study of classical languages , literature , and philosophy , seeing them as essential for cultivating a virtuous and knowledgeable citizenry.