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The following are nominal current ratings for copper conductors; long runs may require thicker wires to minimize voltage drop. White: 14 AWG wire (2.08 mm 2) for 15-amp circuits Yellow: 12 AWG wire (3.31 mm 2) for 20-amp circuits Orange: 10 AWG wire (5.26 mm 2) for 30-amp circuits
(E.g. two 14 AWG wires have about the same cross-sectional area as a single 11 AWG wire.) This doubles the conductance. When the diameter of a solid round wire is doubled, the AWG will decrease by 6. (E.g. 1 mm diameter wire is ≈18 AWG, 2 mm diameter wire is ≈12 AWG, and 4 mm diameter wire is ≈6 AWG.)
In both those instances the white wire should be identified as being hot, usually with black tape inside junction boxes. The neutral wire is identified by gray or white insulated wire, perhaps using stripes or markings. With lamp cord wire the ribbed wire is the neutral, and the smooth wire is the hot. NEC 2008 400.22(f) allows surface marking ...
PVC-sheathed MICC cable. Conductor cross section area is 1.5 mm 2; overall diameter is 7.2 mm. Mineral-insulated cables at a panel board. Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable is a variety of electrical cable made from copper conductors inside a copper sheath, insulated by inorganic magnesium oxide powder.
Each notch is stamped with a number, and the wire or sheet, which just fits a given notch, is stated to be of, say, No. 10, 11, 12, etc., of the wire gauge. The circular forms of wire gauge measurement devices are the most popular, and are generally 3 + 3 ⁄ 4 inches (95 mm) in diameter, with thirty-six notches; many have the decimal ...
A lower rating will apply if multiple conductors are in proximity, since each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of external cooling of the conductors. Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75, and 90 °C, often with an ambient air ...
A wire or cable has a voltage (to neutral) rating and a maximum conductor surface temperature rating. The amount of current a cable or wire can safely carry depends on the installation conditions. The international standard wire sizes are given in the IEC 60228 standard of the International Electrotechnical Commission.
0.5067 mm 2, so 2 kcmil ≈ 1 mm 2 (a 1.3% error) Therefore, for practical purposes such as wire choice, 2 kcmil ≈ 1 mm 2 is a reasonable rule of thumb for many applications. Square mils