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Penang [a] is a Malaysian state located on the northwest coast of Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca. It has two parts: Penang Island, where the capital city, George Town, is located, and Seberang Perai on the Malay Peninsula. These two halves are physically connected by the Penang Bridge and the Second Penang Bridge.
It can be seen that a larger island close to the mainland has the most species richness and a smaller one far from the mainland has the least. The rate of extinction once a species manages to colonize an island is affected by island size; this is the species-area curve or effect. Larger islands contain larger habitat areas and opportunities for ...
Pamban Island ; Penang Island ; Penguin Island ; Phi Phi Islands ; Phuket ; Rosemary Island ; Rottnest Island ; Sabang ; Sri Lanka; Seal Island (Encounter Bay) Seal Island (Investigator Strait), Shag Island ; Simeulue Island ; St. Mary's Islands
It is located off the western coast of Peninsular Malaysia by the Malacca Strait, with the Penang Strait separating the island from Seberang Perai on the mainland. The 295 km 2 (114 sq mi) island makes up approximately 28% of Penang's total land mass and is home to about 45% of the state's population as of 2020. [1]
Penang National Park is the first protected area legally gazetted under Malaysia's National Park Act of 1980, signifying the state and federal governments' environmental protection efforts. It was established to preserve flora and fauna as well as objects with geological, archaeological , historical, ethnological , scientific, and scenic interests.
As a result, island ecosystems comprise 30% of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, 50% of marine tropical diversity, and some of the most unusual and rare species. [2] Many species still remain unknown. The diversity of species on islands is highly impacted by human activities such as deforestation and introduction of the exotic species.
There are about 1361 species of birds recorded from India, with some variations, depending on taxonomic treatments, accounting for about 12% of the world species. [14] There are about 410 species of mammals known from India, which is about 8.86% of the world species. [15] India has the greatest number of cat species in the world. [16]
Malaysia contains numerous islands, the largest of which fully within Malaysia is Banggi Island in Sabah, which has an area of 440.7 square kilometres (170 sq mi). [21] It is followed by Bruit Island in Sarawak, Langkawi in Kedah, and Penang Island in Penang. The largest island shared with another country is Borneo, followed by Sebatik Island.