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The waters around Sipadan island are the most biodiverse in the world. [1] Bordering East Malaysia, the Sulu Sea is a biodiversity hotspot, with around 600 coral species and 1200 fish species. Five species of sea turtles inhabit the area, [16] along with 20 species of sea snake. [1] The dugong is found around Sabah and in the Strait of Johor. [5]
This list includes all islands in the world larger than 1,000 km 2 (390 sq mi). For size and location reference, the four continental landmasses are also shown. Continental landmasses Continental landmasses are not usually classified as islands despite being completely surrounded by water. [Note 1] However, because the definition of continent varies between geographers, the Americas are ...
Northern Mariana Islands: 189 41 230 Cayman Islands: 125 88 213 Botswana: 38 171 209 Bhutan: 9 191 200 Aruba: 172 2 174 Eswatini: 65 100 165 Saint-Martin: 90 90 Monaco: 1 1 Gibraltar: 1 1 Andorra: 0 0 Liechtenstein: 0 0 Luxembourg: 0 0 Mongolia: 0 0 San Marino: 0 0 World total (2022) 87,988,166: 126,935,293: 213,618,123
It can be seen that a larger island close to the mainland has the most species richness and a smaller one far from the mainland has the least. The rate of extinction once a species manages to colonize an island is affected by island size; this is the species-area curve or effect. Larger islands contain larger habitat areas and opportunities for ...
As a result, island ecosystems comprise 30% of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, 50% of marine tropical diversity, and some of the most unusual and rare species. [2] Many species still remain unknown. The diversity of species on islands is highly impacted by human activities such as deforestation and introduction of the exotic species.
The wild Atlantic salmon fishery is commercially dead; after extensive habitat damage and overfishing, wild fish make up only 0.5% of the Atlantic salmon available in world fish markets. The rest are farmed, predominantly from aquaculture in Norway, Chile, Canada, the UK, Ireland, Faroe Islands, Russia and Tasmania in Australia. Atlantic herring
Map of Penang Island surveyed by Commander F C P Vereker in 1884. With an area of 295 km 2 (114 sq mi), Penang Island is the fourth largest island wholly in Malaysia, after Banggi Island, Bruit Island and Langkawi Island. It is also the most populated island city in the country, with a population of 794,313 as of 2020. [1]
The site, located at the northwestern tip of Penang Island, is known to harbour 417 flora and 143 fauna species. Penang National Park is the first protected area legally gazetted under Malaysia's National Park Act of 1980, signifying the state and federal governments' environmental protection efforts.