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A Meckel's diverticulum, a true congenital diverticulum, is a slight bulge in the small intestine present at birth and a vestigial remnant of the vitelline duct.It is the most common malformation of the gastrointestinal tract and is present in approximately 2% of the population, [1] with males more frequently experiencing symptoms.
About two percent of fetuses exhibit a type of vitelline fistula characterized by persistence of the proximal part of the vitelline duct as a diverticulum protruding from the small intestine, Meckel's diverticulum, which is typically situated within two feet of the ileocecal junction and may be attached by a fibrous cord to the abdominal wall ...
It is actively accumulated and secreted by the mucoid cells of the gastric mucosa, [18] and therefore, technetate(VII) radiolabeled with technetium-99m is injected into the body when looking for ectopic gastric tissue as is found in a Meckel's diverticulum with Meckel's scans. [19]
A jejunal diverticulum is a congenital lesion and may be a source of bacterial overgrowth. It may also perforate or result in abscesses. A Killian-Jamieson diverticulum is very similar to a pharyngeal esophageal diverticulum, differing in the fact that the pouching is between the oblique and transverse fibers of the cricopharyngeus muscle. [7]
A Littre hernia is a very rare type of hernia which occurs when a Meckel's diverticulum protrudes through a defect in the abdominal wall. [1] It is named after French physician Alexis de Littre. [2] This hernia may occur in a number of anatomical locations, typically in the inguinal region (50%), umbilicus (20%) or femoral canal (20%).
The two can be differentiated as follows: a hamartoma is disorganized overgrowth of tissues in their normal location (e.g., Peutz–Jeghers polyps), while a choristoma is normal tissue growth in an abnormal location (e.g., osseous choristoma, [6] gastric tissue located in distal ileum in Meckel diverticulum).
Investigation Route of administration In-vitro / in-vivo Imaging / non-imaging Tc99m-pertechnetate: Thyroid uptake and thyroid imaging. Stomach and salivary gland imaging Meckel's diverticulum imaging Brain imaging Micturating cystogram First pass blood flow imaging First pass peripheral vascular imaging IV In-vivo: Imaging Tc99m-pertechnetate
Usually, this structure regresses during development; in cases where it does not, it is known as Meckel's diverticulum. During fetal life, the primitive gut is gradually patterned into three segments: foregut, midgut, and hindgut. Although these terms are often used in reference to segments of the primitive gut, they are also used regularly to ...