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Original Issue Discount (OID) is a type of interest that is not payable as it accrues. OID is normally created when a debt , usually a bond , is issued at a discount . In effect, selling a bond at a discount converts stated principal into a return on investment, or interest.
A zero-coupon bond (also discount bond or deep discount bond) is a bond in which the face value is repaid at the time of maturity. [1] Unlike regular bonds, it does not make periodic interest payments or have so-called coupons, hence the term zero-coupon bond. When the bond reaches maturity, its investor receives its par (or face) value.
In finance, a bond is a type of security under which the issuer owes the holder a debt, and is obliged – depending on the terms – to provide cash flow to the creditor (e.g. repay the principal (i.e. amount borrowed) of the bond at the maturity date and interest (called the coupon) over a specified amount of time. [1])
The T-bond’s yield represents the return stemming from the bond, and is the interest rate the U.S. government pays to investors to borrow their money for a period of time.
The discount, or charge, is the difference between the original amount owed in the present and the amount that has to be paid in the future to settle the debt. [ 1 ] The discount is usually associated with a discount rate , which is also called the discount yield .
Between a bond's issue date and its maturity date (also called its redemption date), the bond's price is determined by taking into account several factors, including: The face value; The maturity date; The coupon rate, frequency of coupon payments, and day count convention; The creditworthiness of the issuer; and
Bond valuation is the process by which an investor arrives at an estimate of the theoretical fair value, or intrinsic worth, of a bond.As with any security or capital investment, the theoretical fair value of a bond is the present value of the stream of cash flows it is expected to generate.
A government bond or sovereign bond is a form of bond issued by a government to support public spending. It generally includes a commitment to pay periodic interest , called coupon payments , and to repay the face value on the maturity date.