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Typical atrial flutter is recognized on an electrocardiogram by the presence of characteristic "flutter waves" at a regular rate of 250 to 350 beats per minute. Flutter waves may not be evident on an ECG in atypical forms of atrial flutter.
The normal firing rate from the SA node is 60-100 beats per minute. But in atrial flutter the electrical signals are coming from a reentrant circuit which moves much faster, let’s say 350 beats per minute. In this case, there are no normal P-waves. Instead they are called flutter waves, or F waves, and they take on this sawtooth shape.
A wandering atrial pacemaker can be either normal or irregular in rate, much like a sinus arrhythmia the rate is normally between 60 - 100 bpm when it is normal and less than 60 when it is slow, the distinguishing feature of this rhythm is a p wave that varies in size, shape, and direction, the PR interval can either be normal or irregular ...
The main symptom of AVNRT is the sudden development of rapid regular palpitations. [1] These palpitations may be associated with a fluttering sensation in the neck, caused by near-simultaneous contraction of the atria and ventricles against a closed tricuspid valve leading to the pressure or atrial contraction being transmitted backwards into the venous system. [2]
Depending on the patient's health and other variables such as medications taken for rate control, atrial fibrillation may cause heart rates that span from 50 to 250 beats per minute (or even higher if an accessory pathway is present). However, new-onset atrial fibrillation tends to present with rates between 100 and 150 beats per minute. [22]
The cardiac etiologies of palpitations are the most life-threatening and include ventricular sources (premature ventricular contractions (PVC), ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation), atrial sources (atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter) high output states (anemia, AV fistula, Paget's disease of bone or pregnancy), structural ...
This is a low-risk procedure that uses a catheter inside the heart to deliver radiofrequency energy to locate and destroy the abnormal electrical pathways. Ablation has been shown to be highly effective: around 90% in the case of AVNRT. Similar high rates of success are achieved with AVRT and typical atrial flutter. [25]
Ectopic atrial tachycardia (EAT), also known as automatic atrial tachycardia, is an arrhythmia caused by both atria with abnormally fast atrial rates. [12] The ectopic focus's firing rate is quicker than that of the sinus node, and it overrides normal sinus node activity. Heart rates in children and adolescents can range from 130 to 210 beats ...