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Epistemic closure [1] is a property of some belief systems.It is the principle that if a subject knows , and knows that entails, then can thereby come to know .Most epistemological theories involve a closure principle and many skeptical arguments assume a closure principle.
"Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems" is a paper published in 1949 by Claude Shannon discussing cryptography from the viewpoint of information theory. [1] It is one of the foundational treatments (arguably the foundational treatment) of modern cryptography. [ 2 ]
Open society (French: société ouverte) is a term coined by French philosopher Henri Bergson in 1932, [1] [2] and describes a dynamic system inclined to moral universalism. [3] Bergson contrasted an open society with what he called a closed society, a closed system of law, morality or religion. Bergson suggests that if all traces of ...
The law is, in a strict sense, only about correspondence; it does not state that communication structure is the cause of system structure, merely describes the connection. Different commentators have taken various positions on the direction of causality; that technical design causes the organization to restructure to fit, [ 10 ] that the ...
Open theism, also known as openness theology, [1] is a theological movement that has developed within Christianity as a rejection of the synthesis of Greek philosophy and Christian theology. [2] It is a version of free will theism [ 3 ] and arises out of the free will theistic tradition of the church, which goes back to the early church fathers ...
Theism is broadly defined as the belief in the existence of at least one deity. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In common parlance, or when contrasted with deism , the term often describes the philosophical conception of God that is found in classical theism —or the conception found in monotheism —or gods found in polytheistic religions—or a belief in God or ...
An open system is defined as a "system in exchange of matter with its environment, presenting import and export, building-up and breaking-down of its material components." [4] For example, living organism. Closed systems, on the other hand, are considered to be isolated from their environment.
An optical communication system is any form of communications system that uses light as the transmission medium. Equipment consists of a transmitter, which encodes a message into an optical signal, a communication channel, which carries the signal to its destination, and a receiver, which reproduces the message from the received optical signal.